Ecology is the branch of science that studies how organisms relate to each other and their environment. Ecology is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science.
Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), number (population) of organisms, as well as competition between them within and among ecosystems.
Ecosystems are are a central tenet in the science of Ecology and are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.
vCalc's Ecology library contains equations that relate to ecological studies.