The Atomic Mass Unit (u), also known as the “unified atomic mass unit” is not really a unit at all but a physical quantity denoted by mu and defined as 1/12 of the mass of an atom of 12C.
An atomic mass unit (amu), also called the unified atomic mass unit (u) or Dalton (Da), is a very small unit of mass used to express the mass of atoms and subatomic particles. It is defined as:
Atomic Mass units are useful because atoms and molecules are far too small to conveniently describe in kilograms or grams. For example:
Relationship to moles:
In short, the atomic mass unit is a bridge between the microscopic world of atoms and the macroscopic world of grams and kilograms we use in the lab.