`M = pi * h * ( r^2 - (r-t)^2) * mD`

Enter a value for all fields

The Mass or Weight of a Hollow Cylinder calculator computes the mass of a hollow cylinder based on the dimensions and the density.  This is for an open ended cylinder with no top or bottom.Open Ended (no top or bottom)

INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following:

• (h) Height of Cylinder
• (r) Outer radius of Cylinder
• (t) Thickness of Cylinder Wall
• (mD) Density of Cylinder Material (default of 7.85 g/cm³ for steel)

Hollow Cylinder Mass(M): The calculator returns the mass of the hollow cylinder in grams (g).  However this can be automatically converted to other mass and weight units via the pull-down menu. The calculator also returns:

• (M) Mass or Weight of hollow cylinder in grams.
• (CV) Casing Volume, which is the volume amount of material in the hollow cylinder in cubic centimeters (cm³)
• (HV) Hollow Volume for the volume within the cylinder (inside the casing) in cubic centimeters (cm³)

Common Material Densities (mD)
Material	Density
Steel	7.85 g/cm3
Copper	8.92 g/cm3
PVC	1.38 g/cm3
Aluminum	2.7 g/cm3

Hollow Cylinder Calculators

• Mass of a Hollow Cylinder
• Volume of a Hollow Cylinder
• Surface Area of a Hollow Cylinder
• Moment of Inertia of Hollow Cylinder

The Math

The formula for the mass of a hollow cylinder is:
            `M = pi * h * ( r^2 - (r-t)^2) * mD`
where:

• M = mass of the hollow cylinder.
• h = height
• r = outer radius
• t = thickness
• mD = Mean Density of cylinder material. 

The Mass of a Hollow Cylinder calculator computes the volume of the outer cylinder and subtracts the volume of the inner core.  It then uses the formula for mass from volume and density:

M = V • mD

where:

• V is the volume
• mD is the mean density.

The mean density(mD) of many common substances, elements, liquids and materials can be found by clicking HERE (e.g. the mD of water is 1,000 kg/m³).

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Mean Density Table

Common Mean Densities in Kilograms per Meter Cubed (kg/m3)
Fluids Pure Water - 1,000   Seawater - 1,022   Milk - 1,037  Olive Oil - 860 Cement Slurry - 1,442  Fuels Diesel Fuel - 885  Crude Oil - 870 to 920   Fuel Oil -  890   Ethanol - 789   Gasoline (petrol) - 737  Propane - 493  Liquid Natural Gas - 430 to 470  Market-Ready Grains Corn - 721 (56 lb/bu) Wheat - 772 (60 lb/bu) Barley - 618 (48 lb/bu) Oats - 412 (32 lb/bu) Rye - 721 (56 lb/bu) Soybean - 772 (60 lb/bu)	Metals Density of Aluminum - 2,700 Density of Brass - 8,530  Density of Bronze - 8,150  Density of Chromium - 7,190  Density of Cobalt - 8,746  Density of Copper - 8,940   Density of Gallium - 5907  Density of Gold - 19,300 Density of Iron - 7,847 Density of Lead - 11,340 Density of Nickle - 8,908  Density of Palladium -  12,023 Density of Platinum - 21,450  Density of Steel - 7,850  Density of Silver - 10,490  Density of Tin - 7,280 Density of Titanium - 4,500  Density of Tungsten - 19,600  Density of Uranium - 19,050 Density of Zinc - 7,135  Density of Zirconium - 6,570	Earthen Concrete - 2,371 Dirt - 1,250 Fire Clay - 1,362 Glass - 2,500 Granite - 2,691 Sand (dry) - 1,602 Sand (wet) - 2,082 Sandstone - 2,323 Synthetic Bakelite - 1,362 Carbon Fiber - 2,000 Organic Balsa - 170 Cork - 240 Mahogany - 545 Oak - 760 Pine - 539 Rubber - 1,522
Mean Density Lookup Function

Mean density is scientifically volume divided by mass.  There are  various unit for density adopted by cultures and industries. Common units for density included the following:

• kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³)
• grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³)
• grams per liter (g/L)
• pounds per cubic feet (lb/ft³)
• ounces per cubic inch (oz/in³)
• pounds per barrel (lb/bbl)
• pounds per bushel (lb/bu)

If you want to identify a material by its density, use the Density Within Range tool.